Aeronautical engineering is the science behind flight—both in our skies and at the edge of space. From commercial jets to unmanned drones and rockets, this field sits at the intersection of innovation, physics, and problem-solving. If you’ve ever wondered how to become an aeronautical engineer, what kind of degree you need, or how much money you could make in the field, this guide has you covered.
It’s a subfield of aerospace engineering focused on aircraft that fly within Earth’s atmosphere. Professionals in this field design, test, and improve everything from passenger jets and helicopters to fighter planes and UAVs. It’s a dynamic field that merges aerodynamics, propulsion, avionics, and structural design.
Many universities offer aeronautical or aerospace engineering as a specialized major, but some students enter the field through closely related disciplines.
What Degree Do You Need to Be an Aeronautical Engineer?
To start a career in this field, you’ll need at least a bachelor’s degree in aerospace engineering or a closely related discipline like mechanical engineering. These programs typically cover core subjects like fluid dynamics, thermodynamics, flight mechanics, and control systems. Some schools offer distinct tracks for aeronautics (aircraft) and astronautics (spacecraft), while others integrate both.
If you’re wondering, Which degree is best for aeronautical engineering?, the most direct path is a B.S. in Aerospace Engineering. However, degrees in mechanical, electrical, or computer engineering can also open doors—especially in areas like avionics and propulsion.
What Do Aeronautical Engineers Study?
Most programs include courses in:
- Aerodynamics
- Aircraft structures and materials
- Propulsion systems
- Control theory and flight mechanics
- Avionics and aerospace systems
Some universities offer minors in aerospace engineering for students pursuing broader engineering degrees but who still want to work in aviation.
What About Careers? Is Aeronautical Engineering a Good Path?
Aeronautical engineering is a strong career choice, especially if you’re interested in science, math, and innovation. The field is future-facing, offering opportunities in sustainable aviation, electric aircraft, autonomous drones, and even hypersonic flight.
NASA, the Department of Defense, and companies like Boeing, Lockheed Martin, SpaceX, and Northrop Grumman routinely hire aeronautical engineers. Even tech firms working on delivery drones or satellite systems now seek candidates with aerospace experience.
If you’re asking, Does NASA hire aeronautical engineers?—the answer is absolutely yes.
How Much Do Aeronautical Engineers Make?
Salaries vary based on education, experience, and sector, but they’re generally strong across the board. According to recent data:
- Entry-level engineers often start around $75,000–$85,000/year
- Mid-career professionals earn between $100,000–$140,000/year
- Senior and specialized roles can reach or exceed $200,000/year, especially in private space and defense sectors
So if you’re wondering, Do aeronautical engineers earn a lot?, or Can aerospace engineers make $200,000?, the answer is yes—with experience, advanced degrees, or roles in leadership, it’s absolutely possible.
Is Elon Musk an Aeronautical Engineer?
If you’ve searched this question, chances are you’re already intrigued by flight, space, or innovation—and that’s a great sign.
Interestingly, Elon Musk is not an aeronautical engineer by formal education. He earned degrees in physics and economics, not aerospace engineering. However, through self-study and hands-on leadership at SpaceX, Musk has made groundbreaking contributions to rocket design, propulsion systems, and spaceflight.
His journey highlights how interdisciplinary knowledge and entrepreneurial vision can shape the future of aerospace. That said, Musk is the exception—not the rule. For most aspiring aerospace professionals, a structured path through an engineering degree remains the most reliable and effective route.
Which Major Should You Choose?
If your goal is to design aircraft or spacecraft, a major in aerospace engineering is the most direct path. But if you want a broader base with flexibility to pivot into other industries like robotics or automotive, mechanical engineering is a great alternative. Students interested in avionics, guidance systems, or autonomous control might lean toward electrical or computer engineering.
Not sure? Ask yourself:
- Are you more excited by engines and aerodynamics? → Aerospace or mechanical
- Do you like working with electronics and flight software? → Electrical or computer engineering
- Are you passionate about pure science and theory? → Physics (with future grad school)
How Long Does It Take to Become an Aeronautical Engineer?
Most undergraduate engineering programs take four years. Some students continue into a master’s program (1–2 years more) to specialize or become more competitive in research-heavy roles. Doctoral degrees are only necessary if you’re heading into academia or advanced research.
What Are the Best Colleges for Aeronautical Engineering?
Here are some of the most respected U.S. programs:
- MIT – #1 in aerospace innovation and research
- Georgia Tech – Known for hands-on aerospace education and co-ops
- Purdue University – Alma mater of Neil Armstrong
- University of Michigan – Strong aerospace labs and industry connections
- Stanford & Caltech – Ideal for those eyeing space systems and R&D
Also notable: Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, Texas A&M, and Virginia Tech.
Fast Forward: Is Aeronautical Engineering Right for You?
Aeronautical engineering is ideal for curious minds drawn to aviation, space, and high-tech systems. It’s a field where math and science come alive in the real world—designing aircraft, improving propulsion, and solving complex problems.
With strong job prospects, good salaries, and the opportunity to work on groundbreaking technologies, this is a field where you can quite literally aim high.
Want to see aerospace engineering in action?
Check out these curated YouTube videos that showcase what aerospace engineers really do—from designing aircraft to launching rockets.
Here are videos that’ll give you a good idea of what an aerospace engineer does
How to become an aerospace engineer
And before you commit to becoming one what should you keep in mind!
Chart your course—Future Forward will guide you there!
